Approach to Anemia in Hematology

This session provides a comprehensive and systematic approach to Anemia in Hematology.

The lecture begins with the definition, epidemiology, and clinical significance of anemia, emphasizing that anemia is a clinical finding rather than a standalone diagnosis. Core hematological parameters and erythrocyte indices are reviewed to establish a structured framework for interpretation of complete blood count results.

A stepwise diagnostic approach is presented, focusing on MCV-based classification, reticulocyte count interpretation, and differentiation between hyporegenerative and regenerative anemia. Common etiologies—including iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, thalassemia, megaloblastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, and normocytic anemia—are discussed alongside key laboratory markers, peripheral smear findings, and advanced diagnostic tests such as RET-He and soluble transferrin receptor.

The session highlights practical diagnostic algorithms, differential diagnosis strategies, and evidence-based laboratory selection to guide clinical decision-making. Emphasis is placed on avoiding diagnostic pitfalls and integrating laboratory data with clinical context.

Following the lecture, key concepts were reinforced through discussion, and the session concluded with an interactive Q&A.